banana dna

Aim:

I want to extract DNA from a Banana.

 

Research:

YouTube Link to Experiment

 

Method:

Equipment

• Banana
• Ziploc bag
• Beaker
• 2g salt
• 100mL water
• 5mL of dishwashing liquid
• fabric filter
• funnel
• Ice cold alcohol
• toothpick

Instructions

1. Get your equipment.
2. Be safe.
3. Mash the banana in a ziploc bag. Don’t break the bag..
4. Add the 2g of salt and the 100mL of water into the bag with 5g of Dishwashing liquid. (lysing solution)
5. Mix the lot together until there isn’t any lumps.
6. Strain the mixture through the filter and funnel into the beaker.
7. Gently, pour the ice cold alcohol down the side of the beaker of filtered banana mash.
8. Using a toothpick, extract some of the white gel-like DNA.
9. Put he filter with the banana bits into the bin.
10. Tip the rest down the sink, and wash out the glassware and bags.

 

Results:

The banana in the bag starting to be mashed

The banana in the bag plus lysing solution

Filtering the mixture into the beaker.

Adding the Ethanol.

Watching the DNA Gel form

DNA Gel in the beaker.

DNA Gel on the toothpick

Discussion:

1. Describe the appearance of the DNA you extracted. it is yellow 
2. Do you think your results would be different if you were to use a different fruit or vegetable? i do not think so Explain your answer.
3. What is the role of the detergent in the experiment? it is used to help make it

 

DNA forms Chromosomes in the Nucleus of cells.

Find the definitions of the following words:

1. Chromosome.
2. Allele
3. DNA
4. Trait
5. Dominant
6. Recessive
7. Mutation
8. Clone
9. Natural Selection
10. Evolution

 

. Chromosome: A chromosome is a thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of cells. Chromosomes carry genetic information and are responsible for passing on traits from one generation to the next.

2. Allele: An allele is one of the possible variations of a specific gene. Genes are segments of DNA that determine specific traits, and alleles are different forms of these genes that can produce different variations of a trait.

3. DNA: DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms. It consists of two long strands twisted into a double helix structure and contains the information necessary for the synthesis of proteins and the transmission of genetic traits.

4. Trait: A trait refers to a specific characteristic or feature of an organism that can be inherited or acquired. Traits can be physical, such as eye color or height, or behavioral, such as temperament or intelligence.

5. Dominant: In genetics, the term "dominant" refers to an allele that is expressed or observed in an individual's phenotype, regardless of whether it is present in one or both copies of the gene. A dominant allele masks the effects of a recessive allele when both are present.

6. Recessive: In genetics, the term "recessive" refers to an allele that is expressed only when two copies of the allele are present. A recessive allele is masked or overridden by a dominant allele in the phenotype when both are present.

7. Mutation: A mutation is a permanent alteration or change in the DNA sequence of a gene or a chromosome. Mutations can occur spontaneously or be caused by various factors such as environmental influences or errors during DNA replication. Mutations can lead to genetic variations and can have beneficial, harmful, or neutral effects on an organism.

8. Clone: In biology, a clone refers to an organism, cell, or group of cells that are genetically identical to the parent organism. Cloning can occur naturally, such as in asexual reproduction, or artificially through scientific techniques.

9. Natural Selection: Natural selection is a fundamental concept in evolutionary biology. It refers to the process by which certain heritable traits become more or less common in a population over successive generations, based on their impact on an organism's survival and reproductive success. Traits that enhance an organism's fitness are more likely to be passed on to future generations.

10. Evolution: Evolution is the process of change in living organisms over geological time. It refers to the gradual development and diversification of species from common ancestors through genetic variations, natural selection, and other mechanisms. Evolutionary processes can result in the emergence of new species and the adaptation of organisms to their environments.